4.4.1《销售公约》的内容-Content of the CISG
The CISG is divided into four parts.
第一部分 – 适用范围和一般规定（第1-13条）
Part I – Sphere of application and general provisions (Articles 1–13)
《销售公约》适用于缔约国之间的货物销售合同。无论双方居住在同一国家还是不同国家，它都适用。缔约国的贸易商与尚未批准《销售公约》的国家（如印度）的贸易商之间的合同可载有一项条款，在发生仲裁时，《销售公约》将适用该条款。《销售公约》管理私营企业之间货物国际销售合同;它不适用于向消费者销售和服务的销售，某些特定类型商品的销售也不在其范围之内（例如，库存和股票、船舶、飞机和电力的销售不受《销售公约》管辖）。
The CISG is applied to sale of goods contracts between contracting states. It applies whether the parties reside in the same country or different countries. A contract between a trader from a contracting state and a trader from a country that has not ratified the CISG, such as India, may contain a clause that, in the event of arbitration, the CISG would apply. The CISG governs contracts for the international sales of goods between private businesses; it does not apply to sales to consumers and sales of services, and sales of certain specified types of goods are also outside its scope (for example, sales of stocks and shares, ships, planes and electricity are not governed by CISG).
该条约的一个有争议的特点是，是否需要签署合同才能具有约束力。《销售公约》允许销售合同是口头的或未签署的;但是，在某些国家/地区，除非以书面形式签订，否则合同无效。合同当事人需要了解适用的规则。
One of the controversial features of the treaty is whether or not a contract needs to be signed to be binding. The CISG allows for a sales contract to be oral or unsigned; however, in some countries, a contract is not valid unless written. Parties to a contract will need to be aware of the rules that apply.
第二部分 – 合同的订立（第14-24条）
Part II – Formation of the contract (Articles 14–24)
任何合同要约必须发给某对象时，必须提供货物的全部细节，包括价格和数量，并且必须表明提出要约的人在接受要约时受约束的意图。
Any offer to contract must be addressed to a person, must give full details of the goods, including price and quantity, and must indicate an intention for the person making the offer to be bound on acceptance.
一般而言，一旦要约发出，只有在收到要约之前或同时或在受要约人接受要约之前，撤回到达被要约人（即要约被要约的一方）时，才可随后撤销要约。有些要约无法撤销，例如，当受要约人合理地依赖要约是不可撤销的时。
Generally, once the offer has been made, it may only be subsequently revoked if the withdrawal reaches the offeree (ie the party to whom the offer has been made) before or at the same time as the offer has been received ,or before the offeree has accepted the offer. There are some offers that cannot be revoked, for example when the offeree has reasonably relied upon the offer as being irrevocable.
《销售公约》要求采取积极行动表示接受。不活动或沉默不被承认为接受。
The CISG demands a positive act to indicate acceptance. Inactivity or silence is not recognised as acceptance.
第三部分 货物销售（第25-88条）
Part III – Sale of goods (Articles 25–88)
第25-88条概述了卖方和买方的义务，包括买方和卖方的共同义务，以及风险的转移。
Articles 25–88 outline the obligations of the seller and of the buyer, including those common to the buyer and seller, and the passing of risk.
根据《销售公约》，卖方”必须按照合同的要求交付货物，交出与货物有关的任何单据并转让货物的财产”（贸易法委员会，2010年，第9页）。买方的义务是采取”可以合理预期”的一切步骤（第18页），以便既收货又付款。此外，买方应检查货物，并在”合理时间”（第12页）内告知卖方任何不符合同情形。
Under the CISG, the seller “must deliver the goods, hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property of the goods, as required by the contract” (UNCITRAL, 2010, p9). The duty of the buyer is to take all steps “which could reasonably be expected” (p18) in order to both take delivery of the goods and pay for them. In addition, the buyer is to examine the goods and advise the seller within a “reasonable time” (p12) of any lack of conformity.
虽然《销售公约》概述了风险何时从卖方转移到买方，但在实践中，将遵循潜在的国际贸易术语解释通则®（如FOB或CIF）
Although the CISG outlines when the risk passes from the seller to the buyer, in practice it is the underlying Incoterm® (such as FOB or CIF) that will be followed (see Topic 6 for further discussion of Incoterms®).
第四部分 – 最后条款（第89-101条）
Part IV – Final provisions (Articles 89–101)
最后条款概述了《销售公约》如何以及何时生效、允许的保留和声明，以及《销售公约》适用于两个贸易国有相同或类似法律的国际销售。
The final provisions outline how and when the CISG comes into force, permitted reservations and declarations, and the application of the CISG to international sales where both trading countries have the same or similar law.
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UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG)