5.4.1 基于风险的方法 Risk‑based approach
FATF于2014年推出的基于风险的方法要求成员司法管辖区首先识别，评估和了解他们面临的洗钱和恐怖主义融资风险。第二个建议的步骤是实施与这些风险相称的有效缓解措施（FATF，2014）。
The risk‑based approach, introduced by the FATF in 2014, requires member jurisdictions to first identify, assess and understand the money‑laundering and terrorist‑financing risks that they are exposed to. The second recommended step is to implement effective mitigation measures that are commensurate to those risks (FATF, 2014).
The key factors to consider when applying a risk‑based approach include:
1.product type;产品类型
2.jurisdiction;司法管辖
3.customer type;客户类型
4.volume and value of transactions.交易量和交易价值
通过采取基于风险的方法，银行可以确保将系统和控制重点放在风险最高的领域。金融行动工作组在其关于打击洗钱、资助恐怖主义和扩散的国际标准中也确定了同样的关键因素：金融行动工作组的建议。
By taking a risk‑based approach, banks can ensure they focus their systems and controls on areas of highest risk. The same key factors have also been identified by the FATF in their international standards on combatting money laundering, financing of terrorism and proliferation: the FATF Recommendations (see section 5.4.3).
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