在审查了洗钱者使用的技术和洗钱活动的趋势之后,金融行动工作组公布了载有40项建议的国际标准。这些建议最近一次更新是在2020年10月。
Following an examination of the techniques used by launderers and trends in money‑laundering activity, the FATF published international standards containing 40 recommendations. These recommendations were most recently updated in October 2020.
FATF的建议提出了各国应采取的全面和一致的措施框架,以打击洗钱和资助恐怖主义行为,以及资助大规模毁灭性武器扩散。各国拥有不同的法律、行政和业务框架以及不同的金融体系,因此不可能都采取相同的措施来应对这些威胁。
“The FATF Recommendations set out a comprehensive and consistent framework of measures which countries should implement in order to combat money laundering and terrorist financing, as well as the financing of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Countries have diverse legal, administrative and operational frameworks and different financial systems, and so cannot all take identical measures to counter these threats.” (FATF, 2020d)
“The FATF Recommendations set out the essential measures that countries should have in place to:
- identify the risks, and develop policies and domestic co‑ordination;识别风险,制定政策和国内协调
- pursue money laundering, terrorist financing and the financing of proliferation;追究洗钱、资助恐怖主义和资助扩散
- apply preventive measures for the financial sector and other designated sectors;对金融部门和其他指定部门采取预防措施
- establish powers and responsibilities for the competent authorities (eg investigative, law enforcement and supervisory authorities) and other institutional measures;确立主管当局(如调查、执法和监督当局)的权力和责任以及其他体制措施
- enhance the transparency and availability of beneficial ownership information of legal persons and arrangements; 提高法人和安排的实益拥有权信息的透明度和可用性
- facilitate international co‑operation.”促进国际合作
(FATF, 2020d)
The 40 FATF Recommendations are grouped in the following categories:
a. anti‑money‑laundering/countering the financing of terrorism (CFT) policies and co‑ordination;反洗钱/打击资助恐怖主义(CFT)政策和协调
b. money laundering and confiscation;洗钱和没收
c. terrorist financing and financing of proliferation;资助恐怖主义和资助扩散
d. preventive measures;预防措施
e. transparency and beneficial ownership of legal persons and arrangements;法人和安排的透明度和实益拥有权
f. powers and responsibilities of competent authorities, and other institutional measures;主管当局的权力和责任以及其他体制措施
g. international co‑operation.主管当局的权力和责任以及其他体制措施
(FATF, 2020d)
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